Distinguish between Yongle and Xuande porcelain: Just look at the dragon pattern
About Yongxuan blue-and-white porcelain dragon pattern,
It is believed that the dragon is strong, powerful, big-headed and powerful.
It is believed that Yongle dragon pattern has two kinds of straight and vertical hair, like nose, pig mouth;
More think Xuande dragon pattern up, jawbone prominent, pig mouth.
In fact, Yongxuan blue-and-white porcelain dragon pattern not only more (Xuande eight years court ordered the burning of more than 400,000 pieces of dragon-phoenix pattern blue-and-white porcelain), but also colorful.
Far from being as simple as the above mentioned, here is a detailed introduction for your reference:Yongle blue-and-white porcelain with dragon pattern and mouth opening
The dragon pattern of Yongle blue-and-white porcelain is developed from the Yuan blue-and-white dragon pattern.
Excavation of Pearl Mountain in Jingde Town, Ming Yongle Green Flower Glazed with Red Dragon-pattern
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The dragon body of the dragon pattern of Yuan blue-and-white porcelain, paw thin, head small, some have no top hair, although some have, but between the top neck, divide a bundle or form a cluster to float backward.
The most characteristic is, the Yuan dragon pattern many mouth spit tongue, the maxilla long long and long to tilt upward, the front tip is like the bird’s beak in the width after narrow like gourd sharp tongue.
blue-and-white dragon pattern can
Yuan Jingdezhen kiln blue glaze white dragon pattern plate-Beijing Palace Museum
According to the statistics of the author, in Yongle blue and white porcelain dragon pattern, except dragon body, dragon leg, dragon toe claw,
Its head, especially the mouth, there are four Yongle dragon pattern and Yuan blue and white porcelain dragon pattern similar,
Only Yongle dragon lines in the head behind the top of the hair more.
This can be regarded as a transitional blue-and-white dragon decoration from Yuan Dynasty to Yongle Period.
The Ming Dynasty Yongle blue and white dragon pattern cover can (Jingdezhen Ceramics Archaeological Institute of Restoration)
永乐青花瓷既然有过渡型龙纹饰,当然也就会有它自己的龙纹饰。
Yongle blue-and-white porcelain dragon decoration, in addition to the dragon body, dragon claw and Yuan dragon decoration is different, the most important is that the head is very different.
Mingyongle blue-and-white sea water flat pot with dragon pattern
Mingyu Kiln Factory in Yongle three years (1405) before Zheng He’s first trip to the West and prepared for the export of porcelain.
In addition to the strong body of dragon and powerful toes and claws, the dragons have five or more clusters of top hair or clusters of upward or synclinal upper parts.
Open mouth spit tongue (most see dragon grain is bigger), maxilla is longer to rise upward, be like ox tongue shape,
Shut up (often seen in small dragon), the upper lip round as pig’s mouth.
It can be seen that the mouth of the dragon tongue-shaped, pig mouth-shaped and the top of the hair up or up-inclined, is the early characteristics of Yongle blue-and-white porcelain dragon patterns.
Ming Yongle blue-and-white waves, white dragon pattern, plum vase
Dragonhead hairs of dragons, extending back in tufts or clusters,
The mouth spits the tongue (mostly the celestial sphere bottle, flat bottle and other large organ type),
The upper jaw is lengthened upward, like the tongue of a rolled ox.
Shut up (mostly medium-sized) the upper lip is as round as a pig’s mouth.This is supposed to be a mid-to late-Yongle product.
Yongle blue-and-white dragon pattern flat pot
Remarkably, in the middle and late stage of Yongle, the blue-and-white dragon-shaped celestial sphere bottle, with the back hair of the dragon-grain, all of which are stretched back into five bundles, with open mouth and tongue, the upper jaw is long and upturned, such as ox-tongue, three claws, the appearance is extremely powerful.
More specifically, the cheeks of the head are covered with many clear scales.
The dragon pattern of Xuande blue-and-white porcelain is developed from Yongle blue-and-white porcelain.
Both of the dragon body is lateral body, its dragon toe, dragon claw is not significantly different.
Even if the tap, there is a difference between the two.
The relationship between the two is clear.
Ming Xuande blue and white alum red color sea water dragon pattern plate-Beijing Palace Museum
So Xuande is only 10 years old, but its blue-and-white porcelain also has transitional dragon patterns.
The back-cap hairs of the dragon lines are bunched or clustered backward or backward and then extend upward.
The mouth type of the mouth-opening tongue-spewing person (mostly the big organ type such as celestial sphere bottle and flat pot) and the mouth-closing person (mostly the middle and small organ type),
It is similar to the blue-and-white porcelain in the middle and late period of Yongle, and it has no Xuande year, which is obviously the transitional type of blue-and-white porcelain from Yongle to Xuande.
Ming Xuande blue-and-white vase with dragon pattern
Remarkably, compared with the blue-and-white dragon pattern in Yongle’s mid-and late-stage celestial vase, the morphology is very similar.
The mouth type, the toe claw is exactly the same, but after the top hair into six bundles to extend back and up again, both cheeks although scale, but not much, not very clear.
Qingxuande alum red dragon pattern target Jingdezhen City Ceramics Archaeological Institute, Tibet
The blue-and-white dragon patterns of early and late Xuande did not change much, perhaps because time was too short.
无论是张嘴吐舌者或闭嘴者,上颌皆为圆形猪嘴状,其后顶毛发皆成束或成丛向上或想斜上方飘伸。
The ancient ceramics circles think that the Wuxuande’s model is the early works, and the Xuande’s model is the middle and late works.
Ming Xuande Green Flower Dragon Ribbed Canister, Metropolitan Museum of New York, USA
Yongxuan blue and white dragon patterns help to break the age
First,Yongle transitional type of dragon patterns, Xuande blue and white porcelain is not there.
Therefore, encounter Yongle transitional type of blue-and-white dragon pattern porcelain, it can be excluded from the Xuande period products;
只要龙体壮硕,趾爪有力,就可以断定它不是元青花瓷,而是永乐青花瓷。
Second,Yongle blue-and-white porcelain dragon pattern, in addition to the celestial bottle, flat pot large-sized upper jaw has ox-tongue-shaped, medium-sized small-sized dragon pattern also has, and Xuande did not.
Therefore, if the upper jaw is like ox tongue, it can be concluded that it was not the Xuande period but the Yongle period.
Third,Yongle and Xuande’s blue-and-white celestial vase has different dragon patterns.
The blue-and-white vase of Yongle’s time had dragon lines, and the top hair stretched back into five bundles.
There were clear scales on both cheeks, and the blue-and-white vase with dragon lines on Xuande’s face.
Hereafter the top hair into six bunches first and then upward tilt up, both cheeks although scales, but less, not very clear.
Some because of this observation is not detailed and there is a misjudgment.
Ming Yongle Blue-and-White Carved Ocean Wave Blue-and-white Dragons Tins
In addition, Yongxuan blue and white porcelain dragon patterns also have many the same place.
For example, there is a flat pot in Yongxuan, its dragon lines are open mouth spit tongue, upper jaw are ox tongue-shaped, the back top hair are vertical.
For example, in Yongxuan, the upper jaw is like a pig’s mouth, and the back top hair is stretched backward.
Again, when Yongxuan have pig mouth-shaped, back top hair upward or inclined above the dragon lines.
Mingxuan De Qinghua alum red colored clouds dragon pattern bowl-Taipei Palace Museum
For Yongxuan dragon pattern of the same blue-and-white porcelain, if there is a year, it is of course easy to do, if there is no year, that should be distinguished by the following several ways.
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firstThe blue-and-white porcelain in the Yongle period was thinner and thinner, while the blue-and-white porcelain in the Xuande period was thicker.
The same type of porcelain, Yongle and Xuande the difference is more obvious.
secondThe white glaze of Xuande is thicker than Yongle and has more bubbles, which makes part of the decoration of Xuande blue-and-white porcelain fuzzy and unclear.
The temperature of Xuande blue-and-white porcelain kiln is higher, and the bubbles in the glaze break and form orange peel pattern on the glaze surface.
Yongle has fewer of these two phenomena.
Mingyongle glaze with red and dragon pattern plum vase
thirdThe feet of Yongle and Xuande blue-and-white porcelain, although both flat, but Yongle more than a little circle, Xuande when more flat.
Si ShiAccording to some measurements, the blue-and-white porcelain glaze contains higher potassium oxide, while the Yongle period is higher.
So Yongxuan blue-and-white porcelain glaze surface is very bright, and more Yingrun when it is Yongle blue-and-white porcelain.
Ming Xuande blue and white dragon pattern plate
In addition, it can also be distinguished from other aspects such as auxiliary decoration.
Really indistinguishable, the general view of the product as a permanent publicity, and there is no doubt.