Canadians, Canada, Celadon and Celadon Porcelain Collection-Looking at the rising prices of Ming Dynasty porcelain.

One, Katina Ceramics Institute:

 

Katina Ceramics Institute(GardinerMuseum of Ceramic Art)Located in the Queen’s Garden of Canada’s multi-city and multi-city areas(Queen’s Park)In one corner, it’s a full-featured but well-known curator.The main building is built by the building machineKeith WaglandThe design was completed in 1984, and the design for that period has been introduced into the expansion of the structure.(screen1).

Figure 1

At first, the agency was both open and open to the outside world, and it was Katie Nauf’s father-in-law (George and Helen Gardinerscreen2) for the display of ancient American arts and crafts in our collection, and for the presentation of the arts and crafts of the United States from the fifteenth to the sixteenth.(Maiolica)and the 17 th to 18 th Jitai Flatlantau in Ouzhou(Delftware)and so on.Incorporated at the Royal College of Natural Resources, Ontario, from 1987 to 1996(Royal Ontario Museum,ROM)Since then, Katirav’s father-in-law has donated a large number of ceramics, and has been named Katiana Ceramics.

Figure 2

In 2001, the construction of an additional structure was selected to be a well-known Canadian-born man of Japanese descent(BruceBunji Kuwabara) presided over byKPM (KPM)BMinistry of Foreign Affairs and Affairs of the Ministry of the State of the People’s Republic(Kuwabara Payne McKenna Blumberg Architects)operate the design of the knife, andKuwabara BunjiDuring the study period of polyLunduo university,Keith WaglandThat’s the lecture, professor.With the renovation of the Institute from 2004 to 2006, Katie’s materials can be used as an example of the addition of design to the building, which is like a complete original design.We should make sure that we can build up more of our cultural heritage in Canada in 2007 and 2004(Pugs Awards)De Shuronɡ(screen3).

Figure 3

 

Second, the Beeler couple and the collection source:

 

Lionel and sirloin(Robert Murray Bell and Ann Walker Bellscreen4-1screen4-2) The collection of Chinese blue-and-white porcelain consists of a variety of fine porcelain, including imperial porcelain and export of foreign trade. The collection is a period from the Ming and Qing dynasties to the third generation of Qianlong.However, it is a pity that they have written very little about each other. In 2003, a special selection was published in English^[i]In addition to the fact that the author of this article is currently writing his or her own book, he or she has so far failed to find any other one of his or her own. Therefore, the author and his wife have little to say about his or her collection in the Chinese academic circles, and the author expects that this article will bring more people to the world.

Figure 4-1

This collection is now available to the public, thanks to the generosity of the family, Robert, in 1998.Mo Rui.Mr. Bieber’s Day(Robert Murray Bell,1913-1998)After that, the widow is safe.Walker.Ms. Beiji(Ann Walker Bell)It was decided that more than 150 blue-and-white porcelain pieces in the collection of his wife’s wife would be stored in the collection of the art of blue-and-white porcelain.

Figure 4-2

For two years, the Catti Nana Museum has been on display for exhibition on May 7,2000.(screen5-1screen5-2).With the exception of porcelain, Ann.Walker.At the same time, Ms. Beier has donated some of her private Chinese art books, among which there are many rare books and collections. At present, the study on the study of the book has been made available, and the study of the painting has benefited more than the study of the book.

Figure 5-1

Figure 5-2

Among the more famous collections of Beel porcelain, there are:

Figure 6-1

Figure 6-2

Figure 6-3

Minɡ XuandeAoyama Lianban Suen Lianzi Banyi “(Formerly France Lu QinC. T. Lootax collection and collection of documentsG0.1. 2.85screen6-1screen6-2screen6-3.The same text is hidden in the Palace Museum and the official porcelain013225),

Figure 7

Ming XuandeAoyama Tsutomu Zhi Lian Shi “(register holderG99.1.1screen7),

Figure 8-1

Figure 8-2

“Ming Long QingQing Hua Shi Wen Wan(originalH.F. Parfitt, arfittand IngeniescoR. F. A. Riescoto feel sorry forhide. ..a criminal officer.G99.10.1screen8-1screen8-2.

Figure 9-1

The same text is hidden in the davede fundPDF622

and the Institute of Natural Resources and Resources2010.59screen9-1screen9-2),

Figure 9-2

Figure 10-1

Figure 10-2

Qing YongzhengQing Hua Ba Xian Zhu Shou big bowl “(Yuan YinɡguoBluett & Sonstax collection and collection of documentsG99.1.18screen10-1screen10-2.The direct way of the bowl26cm, the maximum size of the same model as currently known),

Figure 11-1

Figure 11-2

Figure 12

 

Qing YongzhengSimulated Chenghua Sanskrit Huagou Wencha Zhong “(Sir William Wilder of the United KingdomSir Percival Davidcollection and collection of goodsG01.2.94screen11-1screen11-2.The same type of tea is hidden in the Kuang-Li Museum.12),

Figure 13

Emperor Qianlong of Qing DynastyGreen Flower Eight Lucky Pao Xianghua Moon-hugging Bottle “(register holderG98.9.1screen13.The same text is hidden in Beijing’s Cuckoo Museum) High quality products of equal quality.

 

Luo Bo.Mo Rui.Mr. Beier’s interest in the collection began in the 1930s, when he was a student of the Great School of Aymonica and Aberdeen(Universityof Alberta in Edmonton,Canada).1. To be published in 1904 in the Book of Inquisition of Traders(Conoisseur Magazine)upper and lower collectionGerald RyanPhotos of china’s china collection.In addition, Mr. Beier also mentioned in his collection, Sokson, against the heat of porcelain(Saxony)The elected emperor and the king of poland and the king of poland(Meissen)The main improver of porcelain,”Dai Liwanɡ”Oguste II(Augustus the Strong ,1670-1733) Mr. Ma is looking forward to the day when he will be able to design a private mansionPorzellankabinetts(German and English: Porcelain Roomstranslation from Chinese to English:porcelain room space).

A few years later, Mr. Bieber is studying at the Academy of Law of the University of Osgood(Osgoode Hallin Toronto)to be employed at a company which is engaged in association with the family life(Confederation LifeInsurance, nsuranceCan ompany)As vice-president, the industry is on the rise, but also the future of the contract-based collection to lay a solid foundation.In 1953, Mr. Bieber and His Excellency.Ms WalkerBoth of them entered the ceremony hall in 1995.Safety.Ms WalkerThe origin of the family and the arts is deep, and it is the result of the Royal Canadian Academy of Music(RoyalConservatory of Music), and his grandfather, Edmund.Sir Walker(Sir EdmundWalker) The University of Ontario is the Royal College of Natural Resources(RoyalOntario Museum,ROM) Office of the University of Ontario(Art Galleryof Ontario,AGO)One of the perpetrators.

In such a fun fit of the foundation, let the collection of Beryl and his wife’s road more than a sail.At first, most of the collections were purchased directly from multi-cultural antiques dealers. After that, Mr. Lee’s frequent visits to the United States on behalf of the British People’s Republic of America, and the number of antique dealers in these two places became the main source of the collection.In 1960,2 people were invited to join the British East China Ceramics Agreement(OrientalCeramic Society)The two countries have agreed to negotiate a deal with each of the nation’s most important porcelain products.

In the 60s, when the University of Ouzhou’s scholars took a big step up in China’s ceramic research and taste, there was a lot of success on the marketShi GuizuThe collection, which was later commissioned by the son Sun’s commission, can be identified as a blue-and-white porcelain, which is the time for the collection to receive a large number of imperial porcelain purchases.. ..the second generation of collectors, who, like the couple, said, was famous for their collection of blue and white flowers..Pikin’s gizzard(Roger Pilkington)Some of its collections have been sold on behalf of Hong Kong’s Sufubi in 2006.

Figure 14

In 1964, Beeler and his wife were in Haudi District, a city with a long history–forest hill(Forest Hill)The idea of putting “china house space” into the new house is now available.(screen14).During the next thirty-four years, the couple and the collection circle interacted with each other, often to their homes to exchange collections of celebrities, including famous ceramic and lacquer collectorsSir Garner(Sir Harry Garner). ..Ms. Mandley, the Ceramic Scholar.(Margaret Medley). ..Sir Jan Lagg, chairman of the Royal Collection of the United Kingdom.(Sir Geofferey de Bellaigue). ..Sir Robert Butler, a famous blue-and-white porcelain collector.(Sir MichaelButler). ..a well-known collector of ancient ceramics.Homknighthood(Sir David Home), as well as the U. K.-East China Ceramics Agreement and the U. S.-China Ceramics Agreement(American Ceramic Circle)a conference member, etc

 

3. The Ming Dynasty literary houses in the collection of Beier blue-and-white porcelain:

 

Chinese Scholar CultureZhi MinɡThe period of time is characterized by a large and complete cultural life of literati and bureaucrat, including poetry, art, tea tasting, drinking wine, music, chess, field games, collection and collection.In the late Ming Dynasty, the political transition was corrupted, and the literati’s lack of skills and skills reflected the fact that they were concerned with the mountains and rivers, with their friends and with the romanticism in the ideals of the literati of the modern era.The number of works written against the museum’s playbook has continued to rise to as high as that written by GaolianZun Sheng Ba Jian, Tu Long”Kao-ban-fu”, Wenzhenheng’s” long history “and so on, in the Ming Dynasty, the literati in the” casual affairs in the world, in the body of long things” state of mind.

Among the arts and crafts of literati, the most important items are the non-Wen Fang Qing Kan, which is the fastest new one.The first scholar in the Ming Dynasty to make a talk about literary supplies was the writer of the Ming Dynasty’s Ming Dynasty.Tu Lonɡ.

In the book “Kauban”, in addition to the shortage of ink paper, TU Long has published forty-five kinds of stationery and Chen Bu, including a large number of pieces of paper, such as a sheet, a sheet, a screen, a cylinder, a boat, a wash, a basket, an official in the water, an injection of water, an ink box, an ink box, a seal, Book case, printing pool, pastern, basket, paper, ruler, crystal, calender, cutting knife, scissors, Tuley, calligraphy and so on, switch, cloth spring, net, earth, Ruyi, Ri, five-year-old, five-year-old, flowers, flowers, flowers, flowers, flowers, flowers, flowers, flowers, flowers, flowers, flowers, flowers, flowers, flowers, water, To construct, construct, and so on.

And the Ming Dynasty Wenzhenheng’s” Long Records”, the design of 12 volumes of selected literati and records of nearly a hundred articles, in addition to taking part in the “Kawaban” in the collection of 49 kinds of writing instruments, but also added a set of such as incense, sleeve, hand-felt, fragrant tube, Ruyi, Zhong Qing,Numbers of beads, fans, windows, strings, harps, etc.In addition, Chen’s works in the museum and in the courtyard have added to the list such as Stone, Kunshan Stone, Taihu Stone, Pink Stone, Song Engraving Sith, Screen, Book Table, Screen, Frame, Jul, Chen Xiang, tea, tea, etc.But the study of the literati of the Ming Dynasty on the face of the study of the literary room to fine, the rapid development, the types of items are also very good, laid the foundation of the Chinese scholar-officials living art, and the impact of the Qing Dynasty to reduce very serious.

The Ming porcelain in the blue-and-white porcelain of Beeler and his wife are numerous and exquisite, while the Ming porcelain in the literary house is rare in the world.In this paper, we will discuss the design and historical background of two interesting pieces of literati in Ming Dynasty.^[ii]The social price and the value of social science will be innumerable.

 

brightblue-and-white stone flower print with five holes(register holderG99.1.2screen15-1screen15-2)

 

This piece of blue-and-white paper is inserted into the original country.C. T. LooIt is small in size, small in size, small in size, small in size, small in size, and empty in size on one side.The bottom of the year is not included, but the blue-and-white color of the flower and its appearance are not considered, should be prepared for tomorrow evening from Jiajing to Wan ‘an’s.This device is new to the shape, the kind of things are not much, and most do not carry the year or six-character Jiajing Jiayu money.

Figure 16-1

Figure 16-2

The only one known to have been the Xuande style of the Cartoon Carpenter, originally owned by Sir David Weide of the United Kingdom(register holderPDF B605screen16-1screen16-2)At present, however, it is widely believed that the instrument is in preparation for the year of Jiajing and is entrusted with the title of “Xuande” and “Wuzongtao”(Stacey Pierson)^[iii]In sorting out Sir David Wade’s collection, it is also certified that it is one of the 16 most famous languages in the world^[iv].

Figure 17-1

Figure 17-2

There are three five-hole ink inserts hidden in the British Museum of Natural Resources in Britain and the United Kingdom^[v]The two pieces of the Jiajing style are raised in the center hole, and are connected with each other by a column and bottom inside. The four holes are connected with each other.(register holderFranks.292. +screen17-1. ..a company’s official officer.1973, 0726.368screen17-2)Among them, the pieces were drawn in all directions, and in 2006 Christie’s in Hong Kong sold several of the same pieces(screen18), and later on display at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Institute of Art’s Special Exhibition on “The Spring of the Spring”^[vi].

Figure 18

The other five holes are all connected with each other. The two are similar to each other, and the four characters” Long life and rich life “are written in the book.(register holder1984, 0202.31screen19).In the same piece of ink intercalation of the same time, but when the data broke and dark and gray, using most of the green materials from the western region of Xinjiang and the return of green materials and gravel green match, so the system generally said that the cause of this device in the Jiajing year.It was also due to the fact that the material was first obtained in the late Zhengde period^[vii]There is also a time when there is a good time, but all because the world is very thin, there is still no doubt about it.

Figure 19

As a result of the end of the Ming Dynasty to reduce this device to stop the preparation, if really pushed up to the good, it is also less than 150 years, the reason is also worth exploring.It is also controversial in terms of functional hierarchy, with one case named as the five-hole “water tank” in Beijing’s Central Kingdom.(screen20), a famous Canadian ceramic scholar, Ms. Fei Ge-shen(Patricia F. Ferguson)^[viii]It is believed that this device is a multi-functional combination of a drop, a stick, and a frame^[ix]andMoshi Xu, Owner of Shishan House of Shui Pine(Hugh Moss)Pre-Hong Kong Arts and Sciences Institute (HKICOM)Zeng Zhuzhaosir(Gerard Tsang) “This is a new device,” he said.^[x]There is also a story about flower-sockets.

Figure 20

All of the above is well documented, with the water tank saying it was hollow and bulky.The multi-functional device, however, has been influenced by the art of Western art and art, and has not been studied deeply in her work, but the functional faux-arts in such a way are not fabricated, which is due to the fact that it can be found in the export porcelain and used to store ink and ink.(screen21).

Figure 21

In the history of the history of Hu Duo, the export of porcelain in Ou Zhoujing craftsmen with gold, and no theory type and function are often changed, so that the artist believed that the said law in the card on the slightly less than enough.The main function of this device is the description of the device, which is used by the artist. The ink and the ink are inserted in the picture tube in ancient times, and the Ming Dynasty Wen Zhenhang is in the “Changwu Zhichuan 7”.CarapaceThe description: “Xiangzhu arms are good, Phyllostachys pubescens is elegant, red sandalwood pears are also available.kaiba rhomboid typeThe potter is the most expensive one to have the ancient white bamboo set, but the big one is the holly flower and the magnanimous one is all available.Also has the hole to insert the stick and the ink person in the drum, also is not elegant.”You know,” he said.Chang Wu ZhiIt is possible to refer to this device if there are holes and ink in the volume.It is clear that the function of this device is to insert ink, neither water-free bowl nor other functions are mentioned.

Figure 22-1

Moreover, in the Ming Dynasty literati collection, we can also find evidence to support the statement.Wang Shouren’s book “Yu Zheng Bangrui’s Calligraphy” in Jiajing Period in Ming Dynasty^[xi]On one’s head is Mr. Yang Ming’s writing of calligraphy(screen22-1)in the case of a five-hole ink stick, three of the two holes were divided in the middle hole and two of the two holes by the way of the top, and Mr. Yang Ming took one of the four pieces of paper and one of the two pieces of paper(screen22-2) .It is known by “Yu Zheng Bangrui’s” that the device has the function of digital technology, and in this case it has a toad-shaped ink.^[xii], or it can be said that there are no other tweaks on the five-hole ink-stick insert, which is not the multi-functional porcelain and porcelain that Ms. Fagh said.It is also worth to know whether “and Zheng Bangrui’s artefacts” can be used in Mr. Yang’s case or not.

 

Figure 22-2

The source of the device has yet another element to deal with.Scholars and officials in the Ming Dynasty have no theory on the tourism, institutions, on the writing, new to the new, new to change, but the same timeChenɡ Fenɡ^[xiii]It is very popular in the world, so that both of them can be found in this ink-and-ink insert.Wen Zhenheng’s History of ChangwuHowever, in 1621, the history of “Long Things” was written in the year of 1621, and if the year of the preparation of” Long Things” was not less than one hundred years since the end of the first year, it has been known as a good thing.From this, it can be seen that the scholar-officials of the Ming Dynasty sought new and changing life.

Figure 23

In the late Ming Dynasty, some of the best instruments in the literary house can be said to be the most innovative, good ancient people to transfer the function of the original objects, such as the use of Han, Han-tile excavated into a table, water pot or screen, the use of jade cougar placed in use of ink, such as the use of ink, playing with the ancient room.In addition, in the beginning of the function of the new-style stationery is also very careful, such as in the late Ming Dynasty before the arrival of the “ink bed”, with gold or porcelain prepared into the “warm”, the same time with two different functions such as the literary room “drop on the mountain”(screen23), “Ta-Ping Zhuan” (“Ya-Ping Zhuan”)(screen24-1screen24-2)Wait a minute.In addition, the introduction of new materials to make room in the late Ming Dynasty is also a booming market, such as pine stone prepared for the test, and later in the Qing Dynasty by the emperors respected.

Figure 24-1

Figure 24-2

In 1991, the official edition of Wan Yu’s Ink Ink Insert was issued on the basis of 1Southern Song Dynasty Cylindrical ExcavationCultural relics have been greatly reduced.nineteen ninety-oneYearOn the 20th of September, “Jingdezhen Blue and White Glaze Printing Cave” was unearthed in the South Song Dynasty in Suining, Sichuan Province, China.(screen25)At present, it is hidden in the Academy of Traditional Chinese Arts of Sichuan.It has two small holes and ventriculus, two large holes and a column and bottom into a single container.

Figure 25

The pieces of Chinese porcelain unearthed in the Song Dynasty have been added to the list of precious cultural relics on the Chinese side.This piece of blue-and-white glaze in the Song Dynasty is similar to the blue-and-white glaze in terms of its shape and design concept from Zhengde to Wan ‘an. It is said that there is not enough cultural relics in the world, but if this piece of blue-and-white glaze is pressed, then the Ming Dynasty’s drum-and-ink insert is a copy of the ancient things.From the point of view of the late Ming Dynasty’s” idle living in Chonggu, “or” Gegu Dingxin, seeking for the change of thought “, all the ink-and-ink inserts are important sources of the art of Ming Dynasty scholar-officials’ life and philosophy.

 

Minɡ ZhenɡdeBlue and white arabic five-peak-shaped graffiti(register holderG99.1.3screen26-1screen26-2)

 

This piece of blue-and-white painting shows the original design.Shi Donɡ(LouiseHawley Stone)Hello,1998, Mr. and Mr. Beijing Olympic.The five-peak shape of the device is available in the form of paper, the base of the layer with green robes inside filled with green material, Ruyi Zhiguanwen, two sides each of a round to open the light, the beginning of the internal Arabic script.Under the green material of the book “Daming Zhengde Year Prepared” double box six-character script.

It is a typical art style in the period of Zhengde time. It is characterized by its dynamic shape, lively atmosphere, scattered green flowers, clear and clear color, natural and clear.In the Qing Dynasty, there were such things as cupboards and wooden beds, which were used to prevent the waste from being found.The origin of the book is generally believed to be beyond examination, but the historical data can be found in the bamboo slips of Su Yi, a scholar of the Northern Song DynastyWen Fang Si PuTo the “Dongtian Qinglu” written by Zhao Xigou of the Southern Song Dynasty and the “Baibao Ji” compiled by Jia of Luan ‘an Antiquities City of the Southern Song DynastyAmong them.Until the Ming Dynasty Tu Long in the “Kao Pan Shi” a bookWen Fang Instruments JianThe first line of “graphics”, so it can be roughly assumed that the painting is only in the middle and late Ming Dynasty in the emergence of the new room.

In addition to the year of Zhengde, several of the peaks of the Ming Dynasty, which are currently in the history of the world, are in preparation for the year of Jiajing or Wan, such as the Ashmolin Museum of Science at Oxford, England(Ashmolean Museum)the Ming Dynasty and Jiajing PeriodQinghua Wufeng Pi Shan(screen27),

Most of the original U. S. affairs will be recorded in the Ming DynastyQinghua Wufeng Longwen Shan^[xiv](screen28),

Beijing’s Palace Museum holds” Ming-wan “Five-color and Five-peak Longwen Shan(screen29),

Beijing’s Palace Museum holds” Ming-wan “Qinghua Sanfeng Longwen Shan^[xv](screen30),

The Conferences of the United Kingdom’s Grand Vader Foundation and the British Natural Resources CollectionFive-color Three-Peak Longwen Mountain “(register holderPDF.752screen31-1. ..a company’s official officer.1933.0313.10screen31-2) Wait a minute.

In the past few years, there was no history of Gongshan, but it was two years since the Ming Dynasty(Xiyuan one-four panax notoginseng) Xingyuan Ya Ji Ge^[xvi]  Can be clearly seen to 2 only three-peak-shaped graffiti(screen32-1 cell linescreen32-2)It can be seen that, at least in the normal period of time, the scholar-officials have already made their way into the imperial court.

 

Figure 32-1

Figure 32-2

The Ming-Zheng-De Arabic language tray, which is collected by the couple, is very rare, and the Arabic language is opened on the front.alqalam aqbqluThe size of the mouth and the size of the mouth(The pen is before), back light internalmin kul shay’ inThe size of the scale of the magnitude of the magnitude of the magnitude of the magnitude(all else)two-sided textco-operationThe translation is” before everything else “, which brings with it the meaning of culture of literati and scholar-officials.A case in question at the Davide Foundation of the Collection(register holderPDF A642screen33-1screen33-2screen33-3), in addition to the original France Lu QinC. T. LooThe United States, Mr. Pumenfeld(Robert H. Blumenfield)A case in point(screen34), on display in 1941^[xvii].

Figure 33-1

Figure 33-2

Figure 33-3

Figure 34

In the collection of the major curiosities, Beijing’s Palace Museum(screen35) andUniversity of Great BritaineachCanɡ Yishi(register holder1973, 0726.366screen36)Wait a minute.

This collection is accompanied by Persian or Arabic-language porcelain, derived from the art of nationalization of the Israelite religion, known as” Chinese Muslim Han-shaped cultural relics”.The influence of Persia and Israel culture on Chinese porcelain has been repeatedly discussed in the academic world for many years, as far back as the 1950sJohn.Popp(John Pope)[xviii]A general argument was made on the collection of Yuanming porcelain from the Ardebil Shrine Collection (Iran) in Iran, and then Basil Gray.[xix], Margret Medley (Margret Medley)[xx]the Japanese academic Sansugi Takatoshi[xxi]Taiwan academic Shi Jingfei[xxii]All the other issues may be related to this council.Ma Wenkuan, a famous archaeologist in China, points out that there were at least 19 kinds of blue and white porcelain in Ming Dynasty imitated Islanjin, pottery and glassware, and 12 kinds of lugs in Ming Dynasty porcelain[xxiii].

In 2004, Craig Clunas, the curator of the exhibition “The 50 Years of the Ming Dynasty-the Transformation of the Middle Kingdom”, also made a special exhibition on this topic, which was specially selected for the exhibition of Islan gold and urn vessels similar to those of the Ming dynasty.

Figure 37

Recently, Chinese scholar Dai Ruo-xing-ze used “the historical background and the general situation of Chinese porcelain collected by Iran’s Abbey Elle”[xxiv]It is the interpretation of John Bok’s argument about Sansan Longmin.China’s earliest collection of Arabic-language porcelain can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty, Yangzhou Museum of Natural History, a collection of Tang Dynasty blue-green glazeTo go back on one’s back(screen38)Or it is the earliest known Chinese ceramics to have the color of Israel.The history of the East-West Trade is so complicated that the exchanges between the Ming Dynasty and the world of Israel are increasing, and the Persian and Arabic languages are more widely used as porcelain wares.

Figure 38

It is written in Arabic and has been found in the blue-and-white porcelain of the Yongle and Xuande periods.The most famous of these objects in Yongxuan Period is the imitation of “Ming-yong-le” in the shape of an Islan gold-plated instrumentBlue and white flowers in arabic language: “nothing”, university of england, university of science and technologyhideinstance(register holder1966, 1215.1screen39-1screen39-2)In addition, one case was collected by the Beijing Cuckoo Museum, the Tianjin Natural History Museum and the Hebei Folk Cultural History Museum.

Figure 39-1

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After the age of Yongxuan, the “blank period” of the spoken word is introduced, but this kind of porcelain is still not absent.Beijing GongboThe museum and the Shanxi Museum each have a copy of “Tomorrow’s Blue and White Persian.”[xxv]The screen is 40-1, and the screen is 40-2.The Arabic language or Persian language is not the first in the art of porcelain, but at the beginning of the period it is suddenly a large number of real estate, there is no theory in the device type, the design of the tube, the writing materials are revolutionary. How much of it is related to the philosophy of the emperor’s faith or the centralization of the muslims.

Figure 40-1

Figure 40-2

In this paper, we will discuss the issue of the issue and discuss it later.There are also some Hu Chuan times in Zhengde. For example, the Daweide Foundation held a collection of “six halberd-type jars in Arabic” (PDFA703, 41). Like the collection of the Daweide Foundation will have another piece of pure spring blue and white color material (PDFA662), Beijing’s Palace Museum also has a kind of plastic bottle, but what is regrettable is a knife, more than the body has been cut off.

Figure 41

It is here that the draftsman uses the word “pseudo-Arabic” to find the apparatus of the bottle, for the reason of which it is written in ArabicA text that is not authentic, but a device that imitates the Arabic script.

From the point of view of language, we can see the meaning of non-digital technology^[xxvi].Due to the fact that the book is written in Arabic and that it is prepared after the Zhengde Dynasty, it is possible that it is an imitation of the period, and it is also a reflection of the Muslim officials who have participated in or prepared with porcelain and porcelain.

 

From the Song Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty, Israel’s culture is now in full swing, with trade deals coming to China and Japan. In the Ming Dynasty, Israel’s religion and Muslims have achieved even more broad-based exhibitions. In this case, it is the “Ming” design, which covers the century from Hongwu to Chenghua, and in the West it is nearly 70 Muslim groups. Of these, the first time in the first year of the system is a thousand seven hundred^[xxvii].

In the history of the Chinese Muslim Han Dynasty, it is still a matter of question why the Chinese Muslim Han-shaped cultural relics are still the cause of the large number of people who have moved to China.It was supported by scholars for the export of the item to Israel, and by a group of people who believed that it had been appointed to the courtMuslim eunuch(Muslim Eunuch)The pre-order or pre-delivery of this product is the opinion of the Muslim eunuchs.There is also supportMingwu Zong Zhu Houzhaoin itselfMoslem^[xxviii]This kind of porcelain was prepared by Sheng-yu, all of which were used by Gong-ting.

From the 14th to 17th centuries of the Ming Dynasty, a large quantity of porcelain was exported to Western Asia and South Asia, where the culture of Persia and Israel had affected, such as the Aldabi of Iran.(Ardebil (Ardebil)ShrainCollection)Chinese porcelain with Persian or Arabic language is on hand at Zhongguosuo.

Canada’s Dotondo AgakoHistory Museum of Han Dynasty(Aga Khan Museum, Toronto)hideThere is a piece of “Ming Yong Le”Sweet White Glaze Arabic Monk’s Hat(register holderAKM966)There will be King Shakahan, the fifth king of the Emperors(Shah Jahan,1627-1658)The signature of the 1643 s and 1643 s can match the demand of Israel in the Ming Dynasty for China’s China-China China China-China China China-China China China-China China China-China China China-China China China-China China Trade.

Although the trade in china is very realistic, whether or not the china in the text of this article is actually prepared for export market, it is believed that the painting is a different matter.First of all, it is said that the words are contained in the text, and that they are often written in the “Ke Lan Jing” maxim, Shengzhao maxim, and the words to express Allah Allah and Muhammad.Ming Zheng DeBlue and White Arabic Seven-Hole Placement(register holderFranks.265. +screen42)The Kuomingtang Museum also has one example.

Figure 42

The two sides of the instrument have a diamond-shaped outer ring, which is written in Arabic, and the two languages are combined in Chinese: “Allah meets with God to protect his country and its descendants.”^[xxix]The original book is the year period.In this way, it is possible that this kind of article was used by Emperor Zhengde in the imperial court instead of the foreign trade and diplomatic porcelain.

In addition to the Zhengde Dynasty, other times of Israel’s language sets of porcelain are often unable to explain the age, such as the above-mentioned Ming ‘an period of “Arab” porcelain.And the period of eternal “Arabic language without money”, it is said that because there is the original Islan gold-plated seat on the text can be captured, strong enough to live on speculation, but if you directly turn over the Chinese porcelain words, is also no law to solve the class, it is not good at Arabic porcelain craftsmen directly imitate the copy.

The comparison of these artifacts shows that the period of the Zhengde Period is characterized by the involvement of Muslim officials in porcelain ware.A large proportion of the Arabic porcelains that have been prepared at the beginning of the period of time, such as the blue-and-white Alphabet Mountain collected by the Elle and his wife, or the above-mentioned seven holes in the blue-and-white porcelain, belong to the Qing Dynasty^[xxx].Other literature houses, such as” Ming Zheng De “, which are housed in the Great Wade Foundation of the United Kingdom”Blue and White Arabic”^[xxxi](register holderPDFB687screen43),

France Paris GilMuseum of Art and Natural Resources(register holderG4558screen44)

University of England, University of London, University of London, University of London(register holderFranks.147.ascreen45)

the “Ming” in the bookMasanoriBlue and White Aramaic “Tae-tak”^[xxxii]There are always” three things in the bottle box “in Islan.As can be seen from Zhengde Wenfang’s curiosities, this kind of objects and equipment are basically the same in shape, designed for communication and has the characteristics of China.This article is a typical Chinese artifact derived from the culture of calligraphy. It needs to be familiar with the culture of China to be used. It can be said that it is useless for the world of Israel, which is a major instrument of writing. It is more realistic that the objects with the language of Israel were built in the Ming Dynasty.

In the past, Hu Duo’s studies on the influence of Israel’s culture on Chinese porcelain have focused on three main directions:”Instrumental imitation”, “the influence of the line and the fusion”, “the language of Israel”, but few people concerned about this kind of porcelain and late Ming Dynasty literati social value of the value of the relationship between.The history of Chinese porcelain, which has been affected by Israel’s culture, has been long, but most of them are imitating the daily or sacrificial instruments of Israel, or using the language of Israel, but in the first century, the influence of Yau’s culture was brought to the stationery, which is a completely different realm.

The book law and the literary room Sibao, is the big Zhonghua culture is an important one, and is the Ming Dynasty scholar-officials proud of the art of life, if there is no emperor’s intervention, the influence of the Island culture is very difficult to reach such a state.. ..the religious beliefs of the Ming and the Wu clans.^[xxxiii]It’s still a big deal, but it’s a lot of money that makes the art of porcelain a part of the world.

In addition to the type hidden by the couple, there is another one of the most common blue-and-white figurines, whose peak form is derived from the Eslane.^[xxxiv](screen46),

Museum of Natural History of Beijing Capital(screen47)There is one case in hiding.

In addition, most of the U. S. ‘s most important issues will be the Institute of Natural Resources(register holder18-56-14screen48),

University of England, University of London, University of London(register holderFranks.147.bscreen49-1 cell linescreen49-2 cell line),

University of Oxford, University of Ashmolin(Ashmolean Museum). ..a company’s official officer.EAX.3965screen50),

Britain’s Great Vader Fund(register holderPDFA643 (PDFA643)screen51),

University of England, Victoria and Albert Museum(V & A. ..a company’s official officer.FE.195-1974screen52)There are also similar collections.

In addition to the interesting style of Islan style, it is also worth noting that the original Arabic text of Kaiguang is built-in.front blue-and-white scriptkhama (khama)The magnitude of the magnitude of the magnitude of the magnitude of the magnitude of(pen), on the back, pleaseDangouge(holder)The Chinese literal translation is the “ark”.The description of the text on the articles in the literary room, which shows such a white tone, is not a false form of writing, and is part of the line on the mountain of the basic articles of the book, which is necessary for the study of the law, and points directly to the function of the device, which seems to have greatly compromised the art of life of the literati in the Ming Dynasty.But if given the point of view of Muslim officials who do not understand the Han culture, such a deliberate explanation makes sense.In a small stationery, we can see the Ming Dynasty literati big heart and compatible with a combination of social values.

 

3. Sockets:

 

In addition to the two pieces discussed in this article, each of the Ming and Qing porcelain hidden by the couple is worth to be studied in-depth, which leads to a wonderful historical story.Ru Ru”Ming Long QingQing Hua Shi Wen Wan, Qing Yong ZhengAs for the rare degree or historical meaning, it is worth to be a unique research object.On display at the Katina Ceramics Heritage Museum, the collection is also displayed by McDonalds and their collection of Japanese porcelains(The Williamand Molly Anne Macdonald Collection of Japanese Porcelain)The collection, which includes Mr. Hu, is being prepared for the export trade deal, which also includes China and the Ming and Qing dynasties, where porcelain is highly affectedpersimmon on the right side of the wallfold(Kakiemon)Ivania and Ivania(Imari) .During the same exhibition, Hu Duozhou imitated the works of Chinese and Japanese porcelain, and the Chinese and Japanese porcelain.