The text on the blue-and-white porcelain in Yuan Dynasty (full text)

Some scholars say that there is no money on the Yuanqing porcelain.

What is the money?

The so-called paragraph, generally refers to the text on the porcelain, the broad term also includes the pattern pattern on the porcelain.According to Mr. Xiong Liao and Xiong Wei, the items include chronicle money, dry money, Daming money, Daqing money, Tang money, palace money, official money, official money, office money, library name money, Zhai money, residence money, Xuan famous money, book house and room money, mountain house famous money, collector’s money, Praise money, beautiful things money, lucky words money, supply money, potter’s money, factory name money, if deep collection money, kiln name money, grain sample money, square pattern money, variant text money, circle money, etc.28A species.[1]The details of such a division are too detailed, but they cannot help being too complicated.In fact, the so-called porcelain money is two types, one for the text, one for the pattern.The words include chronology, place name, production, name and auspicious words;Patterns include patterns and embellishments.Can not be narrowly understood as the chronicle of the text.The correct interpretation of the money is conducive to understanding the Yuan blue and white porcelain.Of course, Yuan Qing-hua porcelain, not only handed down to the world on the porcelain, but also on the more important unearthed porcelain, and Yuan Qing-hua porcelain is the inevitable result of the evolution of the text on the porcelain in the past dynasties.figure16-1It is a national museum collection of the two-year “Foguang Pudu Da ‘an two-year Zhangtaizou” wash, it and the words on the Yuan Qinghua elephant earbottle have the same effect, are Buddhist believers for the production of worship.This shows that similar words or money, is a certain historical origin.

16-1 National Bo Zang Jin Da ‘an two-year “Fu Guang Pu Du Da’ an two-year Zhang Tai Zao” wash

16-2 Blue and white “to seven years” double-system cover can

16-3 Text on porcelain unearthed in Jingdezhen

The most convincing version of the Yuan flower unearthed may be the reason why the Shanghai Museum invited an unremarkable blue-and-white jar to be displayed in Shanghai.This is an inscribed double cover jar unearthed in Ya ‘an, Sichuan Province (see photo)16-2The above entry clearly states the date of its production.If you say, the standard of the Yuanqing flower, it is the true standard.The text on the Yuan blue-and-white porcelain unearthed is not an exception. It is also found in the porcelain unearthed in Jingdezhen kiln.16-3As shown, there are Bathba characters on one of the remains of the picture, and the inscriptions” Head Green “and” Dai Cai “are also on the two fire pictures.Mr. Zhang Pusheng is in2010Year3Once every month20At a lecture on Yuan-Qing-hua porcelain on Sunday, a piece of porcelain with Mongolian style was also presented, as shown in the figure16-4A diagram.16-5Mr. Zhang Pusheng and the Mongol version of his lecture are the fragments of the Yuan-Qing Flower.According to Mr. Zhang, the above text is Mongolian, meaning “to two years”, and the porcelain plate of Sulaimani material features are still obvious.Here, we have seen Chinese, Mongolian and Bathba, of course, and other ancient texts.According to Huang Wei and Mr Huang Qinghua, it was unearthed in Jingdezhen15Early pieces of Yuanqing flower, high circle, foot bowl, there are7There is a week’s blue-and-white writing along the outer wall of the piece. “These early blue-and-white porcelain were written in Arabic and Persian by the expert Manriji Baiani (Manijeh Bayani) Ms. Oliver Watterson, an expert on Islamic ceramics at Oxford University (Oliver WatsonThe professor’s interpretation was identified as Persian.”To be sure, these words are four lines of Persian poetry. Here is the translation of the text:… fall into a glass, lilies… fall into the water……… beloved (or drunk) eyes… drunk. The verse is about wine and love, a common theme in Persian poetry.[2]The reason for the detailed introduction of the Persian poetry of Yuan Qing-hua porcelain is that these words and the ancient Chinese poetry of Cizhou kiln in Song Dynasty had the same beauty, which is the best footnote for the artists of Yuan Dynasty to carry on the ceramic tradition, even in the export of porcelain, This kind of inheritance has also been well reflected.

16-4 blue-and-white porcelain with Mongolian version

16-5 Mr. Pusheng Zhang and Yuan Qing Hua Fragments with Mongolian version

16-6 Explanation of the gold altar in the excavated cellar————————————————————————-

figure16-6It is a blue-and-white cloud and dragon pattern jar unearthed in the cellar of Jintan County, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province. It was also sent to Shanghai to participate in the Shanghai Expo60the anniversary of Daqing, with the Arabic calendar on it714(1314Glyph of the Year.

The Chinese, Mongolian, Bathba, Persian and Arabic languages have appeared on the above-mentioned Yuan-Hua porcelain or porcelain.According to Mr. Li Renda, deputy director of the National Aeromodelling Technical Committee of a collector, some of the Chinese characters in the folk collection have been interpreted by experts from Mongolia, as well as Guwur characters.Some scholars are particularly opposed to the Yuan-hua porcelain of the people. We, therefore, have at least five words on the Yuan-hua porcelain of the present existence, regardless of the authenticity of the Wei-Wu script. They appear in different ways and in different parts.

Most of them are painted in blue and white or anti-blue and white on porcelain.

16-7 The Large Market of Iran’s Collection

16-8 The word “spring” on the large scale of Iran’s collection

16-9 Hongwu Jingdezhen kiln blue-and-white dragon pattern “Chunshou” bottle

figure16-7Iran’s collection of large plates, which have not been exhibited in China, has a clear “spring” word on its heart of mandarin fish (picture)16-8), the decoration of porcelain with spring as its motto, also appears obviously on the porcelain of the Hongwu Period of Ming Dynasty.16-9Is a Hongwu Jingdezhen kiln blue-and-white dragon pattern “Chunshou” bottle, the inheritance between them is self-evident.

16-10 Jiangxi Museum, covered with green flowers and red glaze, stacks of plastic characters’ pavilion-style granaries

Some Yuanqing porcelain appeared more inscriptions, the most famous of which is the elephant-ear bottle collected by the Great Vader Foundation, many scholars have done a lot of research on this, there is no more to describe.And this time the Shanghai Museum is on display1974From the outskirts of Jingdezhen to Yuan four years(1338)Year)Tomb unearthed in jiangxi museum with blue-and-white glaze and red stacks of figurines-style barns (picture)16-10), a pair of face-to-face blue-and-white writing couplet: the first couplet, “grain and silo,” the next couplet, “sons and grandchildren and fu lu chong,” the horizontal approval of “the south mountain treasure elephant village five valley warehouse.”The left and right sides of the wall with glaze red writing “Lingshi tomb for use” and “five barn”.The bottom center of the back is written in blue and white159Epitaph Inscription: “Madam, the granddaughter of Ling Yingshan, the head of Jingdezhen Changxiang Academy, is also very wise and wise. Liu Wenshi, Ambassador of Zhaobu Road, Yangzhou City, learned about Jurendu Hutong and the granddaughter Bigui.” The wife was born before the Yuan Gui year February 9, XuShi, died after the Yuan Wu Yin May 23, Shen, enjoy a lifetime of 46 years. With Wu Yin June Renyin buried in the Nanshan. Sitting on the sea, Dajiang Yangchao Tomb. The foot shape is like a chair, the dragon and the tiger, the mountain is clear, the Martian temple, the plum blossom alone in six show eight antler piece hat closure. After the sun field continuous path, Zhu Zi Ying door. Remember. “The Great Vide Foundation collection of elephant ear bottle.”61OR62There is an inscription on the word159The inscriptions on the barn are nothing compared to them.

Whether it is a blue-and-white elephant ear jar or a red barn with blue-and-white glaze, their inscriptions are not about the lives of dignitaries. They are all the deeds or lives of ordinary people who were unknown at the time. Obviously, this kind of blue-and-white porcelain was custom-made for purchase as a commodity.For such porcelain and its above the text, we should not only focus on these words indicated in the era, so as to confirm the objective existence of the Yuanqing porcelain, made the true Yuanhua porcelain or Yuanhuayuan porcelain typography classification, but should be broadened vision, It is the true understanding and understanding of Yuanqing porcelain that makes a brand-new interpretation of the sociological, folklore and historical connotations of these words.

These china and inscriptions tell us:

First of all, the Yuan blue and white porcelain is both daily-used porcelain and tombs.It can worship immortals, or serve the dead;

Secondly, these two pieces of porcelain illustrate the diversity of the folk religious beliefs of the Yuan Dynasty in China, no matter “Xingyuan ancestral hall Hu Jing a marshal to make a confession”Or” dragon dish “description, is the best footnote to this kind of diversity;

Third, as a supplier, the elephant ear bottle is the symbol of the continuation of China’s ritual culture.In the Yuan Dynasty, ceremonial activities had been popularized in the folk, no longer the exclusive right of sacrifice for the aristocracy, but the sacrificial vessels had changed into ordinary porcelain, which was not a very precious porcelain at that time and was obviously custom-made for the folk.As an artefact, the barn is a rough-and-tumble kiln china, visible in the blue and white color of its writing, which is now regarded as a treasure, but a matter of the year and number of its existence. The appearance of porcelain barn is the simplification of epitaph in Sui and Tang dynasties.With the continuation and simplification of etiquette, the universality of folk activities leads to the popularization of commodity production which adapts to this universality.

16-11 Gaoan Qinghua Poems, Bound Branches and Flowers with High Foot Cup

Fourth, it is not only the earbottle and barn, which are more of a commodity, but also the etcetera porcelain with more characters, that proves that they are just ordinary goods.as shown16-11GaoAn Qinghua Poem sentence twine flower pattern high-foot cup, its cursive book “life a hundred years in the drunk, count for 36,000”, some people say that the spirit is vivid, quite famous style, but as long as I see the real object, whether the shape of objects or writing font, It was just a commodity of the day, and any discussion of deification of such objects did not seem to coincide with the actual object.

16-12 Chisel on Iran’s Mui Bottle

Seal on the bottom of a plum bottle

There are writing or writing in blue and white, as well as chiseled writing and writing (see picture)16-12There is also a seal-like version (see photo) of the chisel on the jars of Iran (see photo)16-13The stamp on the bottom of the plum vase), they are all testimony to the history of the Yuanqing porcelain.

The diversity of words and entries, which includes the abundance of words.