Blue and White Porcelain to See the Chronology of Flowers and Colors

Qinghua began in the Tang Dynasty, after the Song Dynasty slightly developed, but are not mature, the real mature is the Yuan Dynasty.The original blue-and-white porcelain had begun to appear in the Tang Dynasty. Many blue-and-white materials were used in the three colors of the Tang Dynasty to make the three colors of the Tang Dynasty precious. Some of the three colors of the Tang Dynasty were made of Su Ma Li-qing, and some were called Su Ma Li-qingSu Ni Ma Qinɡ,Cyperus sibiricus,Su Ni Bo Qinɡ.What blue-and-white porcelain really matured was in the Yuan Dynasty, most of which were burned in the Hutian kiln of Jingdezhen in the Yuan Dynasty.Blue and white porcelain is a cobalt ore containing cobalt oxide as raw material, on the ceramic body painted decorative, and then covered with a transparent glaze, high-temperature reduction flame once fired.The most important feature of Yuan-Qing flower decoration is full composition, multi-level without disorder.In general, there are two kinds of tonal, one is gray-blue, lighter, one is dark blue, more showy, slightly contains different degrees of elegant purple, in the green material has rust-like appearance.Blue color for domestic materials, blue color for imported materials.Imported green material for large, medium or small-sized Yuan Qing Hua, domestic cobalt materials only used for medium and small-sized devices.

bottom of Yuanqing water tank

In 2000, I went to the museum of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and witnessed the Yuan Qinghua melon-pear pot unearthed in Inner Mongolia.Pear-shaped jug,14 cm in height,9 cm in diameter, arc handle, lid for a small dog shape, squatting on a lotus, lotus and dog eyebrow eye painted with green material, dog head curved tail, simple and simple.The pot body double-sided main body adorns the tangled branch peony flower.Green and white ground glaze, glaze crystal clear, blue and white thick, ink heavy iron rust spots.

Excavated Yuan Qing Hua melon pear pot

The blue-and-white porcelain of the Ming Dynasty went through a long process, during which there were many changes in the blue-and-white porcelain.The blue and white flowers of the Hongwu period in the early Ming Dynasty were made from domestic materials. The blue and white materials were gray and dark, some of which were nearly black.But Hongwu’s blue-and-white ware, many atmosphere, massive, especially with the world famous for the big bowl.

Hongwu blue and white dragon pattern can, diameter 9.2CM, height 4.9CM, foot 3.9CM.(Mr. Sun, Jinan Collection)

bottom of Wu Qing Hua dragon pattern can

Yongxuan period, blue and white porcelain has been using the Yuan Dynasty Su Ma Liqing, Qinghua hair color gorgeous, like the Yuan blue and white hair color, and the flowers contain iron rust spots.However, the style and decorative patterns of Yongxuan period have all changed across the times, and formed Yongle model, Xuande model, these model theory will communicate separately later.

The diameter of the hand cup is 9.2CM, the height is 4.9CM and the foot diameter is 3.9CM.

A blank pattern.Orthodox, Jingtai, Tianshun period, social unrest, famine, the war continued year after year, Jingdezhen porcelain industry has also been affected, has not been found with the exact chronology of the official kiln porcelain.Ceramic history called these three dynasties for porcelain manufacturing “blank period.”The blue-and-white porcelain of the orthodox dynasty is fresh and bright, light and elegant, clear line, faint phenomenon is rare, blue-and-white areas have uneven brown-black or gray blue and white spots.In Jingtai and Tianshun period, the color of the blue and white flowers in the kiln appeared loose and hazy, and the line of pen was faint and scattered.The cobalt used in the green flower is the cobalt material of Yongle Xuande which has not yet been used up.

Ming dynasty blank period character story pattern plum bottle

Bright blank period character story plaid plum vase local clear color

Cheng Hua period green flower hair color before the medium-term use of equal green, also known as Pitang green, elegant and clear hair color.The characteristic of equal blue is stable in color, blue with green ash.Hongzhi blue and white color material and the same when the formation, still use home-made equal cobalt, hair color light, not as elegant, a few hair color rich blue gray.

The diameter of the bowl is 14.6CM, the height is about 6.8CM, the base is about 5.5 CM.

The front of the bowl with the pattern of lilies twined with green flowers

Zhengde blue-and-white porcelain before the use of equal blue, but deep-drawn blue, so gray-blue hair;In the later stage, the color is blue-blue with purple, which is close to Jiajing’s color.The following porcelain kiln smoke, the surface of the law phenomenon.

Ming Zheng De Min kiln green lion ball hydrangea bowl, upper mouth 18CM, height 3CM, bottom width 11CM.(Mr. Sun, Jinan Collection)

Ming Zheng De Min Kiln, blue and white lion, hydrangea ball, bottom of bowl.

Jiajing also used to return to the Qing Dynasty, until the mid-Wanli.Hui Qing is a blue pigment, because the Ming Dynasty imported from the western region, hence the name.Return green material pure one color, blue through purple, and Su Maleqing, equal blue tone different.Jiajing, Longqing and Wanli all use this imported raw material.If the ratio of the recycled green material is a little higher, then the blue and white flower will show a rich red and purple color. If the green stone is used more, the color will be gray and blue, and the later stage of Wanli will show this color.

The late Ming Dynasty kiln green pattern bowl, the upper mouth 9.5 CM, high 5 CM, the bottom width 4 CM.(Mr. Sun, Jinan Collection)

the bottom of the bowl with green pattern in the late Ming Dynasty

The Tianqi Dynasty adopted the stone cobalt material, the blue and white flower color is varied, has the ten thousand calendar time light trace blue and white, also has the pure gorgeous and the rich color.Blue and white color talk about, blue and white pan-gray, color stability, for the bright light blue, the body thick blue and white, blue and black tone thick, pan-blue or gray black.

Ming Chongzhen Kaoshi character tattoo pen

Shunzhi, Kangxi Qinghua to use pearl material.Pearl material is also “green blue” is produced in yunnan a kind of green material, hair color some black weight, some green, some light, some gray.At this time of the blue and white has a common feature, is the same piece of porcelain with a variety of colors coexisting, in the flat on the basis of many layers.In particular, Kangxi with “colorful blue-and-white” blue-and-white porcelain to develop to the peak.

Qingshun Zhi Qinghua Shuanglong Opera Pearl-pattern Furnace;Calibration: 18CM; Height: 10CM; Bottom width: 9.5 CM.(Mr. Sun, Jinan Collection)

Qingshun Zhi Qinghua Shuanglong Opera pearl pattern furnace bottom

Qingyongzheng blue and white painted phoenix pattern plate, caliber 19.5CM; height 2.5CM; bottom width 11CM.(Mr. Sun, Jinan Collection)

Qingyongzheng blue-and-white feather plate bottom

Qingqianlong flower entwined lotus pattern can diameter 9CM; high 21CM; bottom width 17CM.(Mr. Sun, Jinan Collection)

Guangxu once ZTE, ultimately unable to continue the Kangxi Dynasty’s heyday.A large collection of ancient Chinese porcelain has promoted the development of Qingguangxu, Xuantong and the Qing-hua period of the Republic of China, forming a small upsurge.Most of the fine articles of this period are found in antique porcelain.However, this period of blue-and-blue materials are more characteristic of the ocean.Blue, is the import material of the end of the Qing Dynasty, its blue, is also popular, very bright, but its color on the porcelain glaze, appears very floating, especially the color has no level sense, just a pool of bright blue.